The problem of delay-dependent exponential stability is investigated for impulsive stochastic systems with time-varying delay. Although the exponential stability of impulsive stochastic delay systems has been discussed by several authors, few works have been done on delay-dependent exponential stability of impulsive stochastic delay systems. Firstly, the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method combing the free-weighting matrix approach is applied to investigate this problem. Some delay-dependent mean square exponential stability criteria are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. In particular, the estimate of the exponential convergence rate is also provided, which depends on system parameters and impulsive effects. The obtained results show that the system will stable if the impulses’ frequency and amplitude are suitably related to the increase or decrease of the continuous flows, and impulses may be used as controllers to stabilize the underlying stochastic system. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the results.