Triad-displaced ULAs configuration for non-circular sources with larger continuous virtual aperture and enhanced degrees of freedom

doi:10.23919/JSEE.2022.000128

Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 81-93.doi: 10.23919/JSEE.2022.000128

• ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles

Triad-displaced ULAs configuration for non-circular sources with larger continuous virtual aperture and enhanced degrees of freedom

Abdul Hayee SHAIKH(), Xiaoyu DANG(), Daqing HUANG()

¹ College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

Received:2021-09-22 Accepted:2022-06-27 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2024-03-05
Contact: Abdul Hayee SHAIKH E-mail:shaikhhayee@yahoo.com;dang@nuaa.edu.cn;857337053@qq.com
About author:
SHAIKH Abdul Hayee was born in 1990. He received his M.E. degree in computer and information engineering in 2016. He is currently working toward his Ph.D. degree in communication and information systems at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. His research interests include array signal processing and wireless communications technology. E-mail: shaikhhayee@yahoo.com

DANG Xiaoyu was born in 1973. He received his Ph.D. degree from Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA, in 2009. Then, he joined College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He has received more than 10 research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and other central government agencies. His research interests include wireless network and signal processing with application to aeronautical and astronautical communications. E-mail: dang@nuaa.edu.cn

HUANG Daqing was born in 1959. He is with the College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. His research interests include telemetry of UAVs and other related telecommunication systems. E-mail: 857337053@qq.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62031017;61971221) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (NP2020104)

Abstract

Abstract:

Non-uniform linear array (NULA) configurations are well renowned due to their structural ability for providing increased degrees of freedom (DOF) and wider array aperture than uniform linear arrays (ULAs). These characteristics play a significant role in improving the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy. However, most of the existing NULA geometries are primarily applicable to circular sources (CSs), while they limitedly improve the DOF and continuous virtual aperture for non-circular sources (NCSs). Toward this purpose, we present a triad-displaced ULAs (Tdis-ULAs) configuration for NCS. The Tdis-ULAs structure generally consists of three ULAs, which are appropriately placed. The proposed antenna array approach fully exploits the non-circular characteristics of the sources. Given the same number of elements, the Tdis-ULAs design achieves more DOF and larger hole-free co-array aperture than its sparse array competitors. Advantageously, the number of uniform DOF, optimal distribution of elements among the ULAs, and precise element positions are uniquely determined by the closed-form expressions. Moreover, the proposed array also produces a filled resulting co-array. Numerical simulations are conducted to show the performance advantages of the proposed Tdis-ULAs configuration over its counterpart designs.

Key words: direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, sparse array, non-circular source (NCS), sum co-array, difference co-array, degrees of freedom (DOF)

Abdul Hayee SHAIKH, Xiaoyu DANG, Daqing HUANG. Triad-displaced ULAs configuration for non-circular sources with larger continuous virtual aperture and enhanced degrees of freedom[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 35(1): 81-93.

Figures/Tables 10

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Triad-displaced ULAs configuration for non-circular sources with larger continuous virtual aperture and enhanced degrees of freedom

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Array configuration	Number of sensors N
Array configuration	7	9	10	11	13	14	17	21
NA	37	57	69	81	109	125	177	261
INA	43	65	77	91	121	137	193	281
NSANCS	61	97	117	141	193	221	321	481
MISC	43	69	81	93	129	145	201	297
SANC	65	105	129	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
NNA	N/A	N/A	93	N/A	N/A	211	N/A	N/A
NADiS	55	89	109	131	181	209	305	461
Proposed array	65	105	129	153	205	237	339	501