Off-grid DOA estimation based on coherent accumulation and weighted block sparse Bayesian

doi:10.23919/JSEE.2025.000164

Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 327-336.doi: 10.23919/JSEE.2025.000164

• ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY •

Off-grid DOA estimation based on coherent accumulation and weighted block sparse Bayesian

Ankang REN¹^,²^,*(), Qi WU¹(), Pingye LIANG¹^,²(), Yuanyuan XU³()

¹School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
²Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute, Beijing 100074, China
³School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China

Received:2025-06-04 Accepted:2025-11-05 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2026-04-30
Contact: Ankang REN E-mail:renankang@163.com;qwu@buaa.edu.cn;pingyeliang@126.com;xuyuanyuan626@163.com
About author:
REN Ankang was born in 1986. He received his M.S. degree in electromagnetic ﬁeld and microwave technique at Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China in 2012. He is currently a research professor at Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute. His research interests include broadband antennas, conformal array, and polarization sensitive array signal processing. E-mail: renankang@163.com

WU Qi was born in 1983. He received his B.S. degree from East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, and Ph.D. degree from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, both in electrical engineering, in 2004 and 2009, respectively. He is currently a professor at School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University. His research interests include broadband antennas, computational electromagnetics, and related EMC topics. E-mail: qwu@buaa.edu.cn

LIANG Pingye was born in 1992. He received his M.E. degree from Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China, in 2018. He is currently an engineer at Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute. His research interests include low-scattering broadband antenna and phased array antenna testing. E-mail: pingyeliang@126.com

XU Yuanyuan was born in 2000. She received the B.E. degree in communication Engineering from Yanbian University, Yanbian, China in 2022. She is currently a Master’s degree candidate at Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) . Her research interest is array signal processing. E-mail: xuyuanyuan626@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2141230).

Abstract

Abstract:

To deal with the problem that the block sparse Bayesian algorithm exists in grid estimation, an off-grid weighted block sparse Bayesian algorithm is proposed based on coherent accumulation. The algorithm first uses the signal characteristics to coherently accumulate the polarization-sensitive array received data to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); then the first-order Taylor expansion of the steering vector is performed, and an off-grid real-valued model is introduced by improving the block structure; then the weighting vectors are introduced to accelerate the iteration of the algorithm and reduce the number of iterations; and finally, the solution of the off-grid parameters is achieved by iterative optimization of the parameters. Compared with the traditional block sparse Bayesian learning (BSBL) algorithm, the method iterates faster and achieves efficient joint off-grid polarization-DOA estimation. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Key words: direction of arrival estimation, weighted block sparse Bayesian, coherent accumulation, off-grid

Ankang REN, Qi WU, Pingye LIANG, Yuanyuan XU. Off-grid DOA estimation based on coherent accumulation and weighted block sparse Bayesian[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 37(2): 327-336.

Figures/Tables 7

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BW (LFM)/MHz	θ/(°)	γ/(°)	η/(°)
0	0.149	1.087	6.203
0.1	0.221	2.594	12.732
0.5	0.278	4.109	22.806

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Off-grid DOA estimation based on coherent accumulation and weighted block sparse Bayesian

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