Research on three-dimensional attack area based on improved backtracking and ALPS-GP algorithms of air-to-air missile

doi:10.23919/JSEE.2024.000129

Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 292-310.doi: 10.23919/JSEE.2024.000129

• CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATION • Previous Articles

Research on three-dimensional attack area based on improved backtracking and ALPS-GP algorithms of air-to-air missile

Haodi ZHANG¹^,²(), Yuhui WANG¹^,*(), Jiale HE¹()

¹ College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
² National Key Laboratory of Air-based Information Perception and Fusion, AVIC, Luoyang 471000, China

Received:2023-12-20 Accepted:2023-12-20 Online:2025-02-18 Published:2025-03-18
Contact: Yuhui WANG E-mail:zhanghd@nuaa.edu.cn;wangyh@nuaa.edu.cn;hjl2021@nuaa.edu.cn
About author:
ZHANG Haodi was born in 1999. He received his B.S. degree in detection guidance and control technology from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China,in 2021. He is currently working as a designer at Luoyang Institute of Electro-Optical Equipment, AVIC. His research interest is integrated fire control. E-mail: zhanghd@nuaa.edu.cn

WANG Yuhui was born in 1980. She received her B.S. degree in electrical engineering and its automation from University of Jinan, Jinan, China, in 2001, and Ph.D. degree in control theory and control engineering from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 2008. She is currently a full professor with the College of Automation Engineering, NUAA. Her current research interests include nonlinear system control, intelligent control, and flight control. E-mail: wangyh@nuaa.edu.cn

HE Jiale was born in 1996. He received his B.S. degree in energy and power engineering from Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 2019, and M.S. degree in pattern recognition and intelligent systems from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 2024. He is currently working as a designer at Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. His research interest is reliability control. E-mail: hjl2021@nuaa.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62373187) and Forward-looking Layout Special Projects (ILA220591A22).

Abstract

Abstract:

In the field of calculating the attack area of air-to-air missiles in modern air combat scenarios, the limitations of existing research, including real-time calculation, accuracy efficiency trade-off, and the absence of the three-dimensional attack area model, restrict their practical applications. To address these issues, an improved backtracking algorithm is proposed to improve calculation efficiency. A significant reduction in solution time and maintenance of accuracy in the three-dimensional attack area are achieved by using the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, the age-layered population structure genetic programming (ALPS-GP ) algorithm is introduced to determine an analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area, considering real-time requirements. The accuracy of the polynomial model is enhanced through the coefficient correction using an improved gradient descent algorithm. The study reveals a remarkable combination of high accuracy and efficient real-time computation, with a mean error of 91.89 m using the analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area solved in just 10^?4 s, thus meeting the requirements of real-time combat scenarios.

Key words: air combat, three-dimensional attack area, improved backtracking algorithm, age-layered population structure genetic programming (ALPS-GP), gradient descent algorithm

Haodi ZHANG, Yuhui WANG, Jiale HE. Research on three-dimensional attack area based on improved backtracking and ALPS-GP algorithms of air-to-air missile[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 36(1): 292-310.

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Boundary accuracy of attack area/m	Solution time of the improved backtracking algorithm/s	Solution time of the golden section algorithm/s	Solution time of the backtracking algorithm/s
100	3577.23	56200.54	*
200	1376.85	13433.90	*
300	733.43	6244.11	25370.07
400	423.02	3512.53	10703.00
500	299.21	2741.00	5479.93
600	258.28	1766.76	3171.25
700	154.43	1149.14	1997.06
800	145.49	912.13	1437.87
900	136.05	646.73	939.64
1000	86.346	309.55	685.79

Accuracy requirements for the boundary of attack area/m	The mean boundary error calculated by the improved backtracking algorithm /m	The mean boundary error calculated by the golden section algorithm/m
100	55.74	87.01
200	117.32	131.60
300	218.05	263.99
400	305.22	351.03
500	439.10	446.87

${{\rm{Scheme}}_{ {L_r} } }$	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_1}}} $	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_2}}} $	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_3}}} $	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_4}}} $	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_5}}} $	$ {\text{MaxAge}_{{L_6}}} $
Linear	1	2	3	4	5	6
Fibonacci	1	2	3	5	8	13
Polynomial	1	2	4	9	16	25
Exponential	1	2	4	8	16	32

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Research on three-dimensional attack area based on improved backtracking and ALPS-GP algorithms of air-to-air missile

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